{"id":122,"date":"2026-05-28T20:07:03","date_gmt":"2026-05-28T17:07:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hcaa-eleng.gr\/blog\/?page_id=122"},"modified":"2026-05-28T20:09:51","modified_gmt":"2026-05-28T17:09:51","slug":"%cf%80%ce%b1%cf%81%ce%af%cf%83%ce%b9","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.hcaa-eleng.gr\/blog\/%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%B9\/","title":{"rendered":"\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u039c\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9<\/h2>\n\n\n

\u03a4\u03bf \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9, \u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0393\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03cc\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u0393\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03cc\u03c7\u03b8\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03a3\u03b7\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1, 145 \u03c7\u03bb\u03bc. (90 \u03bc\u03af\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1) \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u039c\u03ac\u03b3\u03c7\u03b7. \u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac 2.125.246 (1999) \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd 11 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bc\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 (1999) \u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9 (\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u00eble-de-France), \u03c4\u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0395\u03c5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n

\u03a0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc, \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc, \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc, \u03b4\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc, \u03b8\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc, \u03b5\u03ba\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc, \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0393\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c4\u03bf \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c5\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf \u03b2\u03b1\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03ca\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03a3\u03b7\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1, \u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03a1\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03ca\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf.<\/p>\n

\u03a4\u03bf \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc 2.000 \u03b5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd. \u0393\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c6\u03c5\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 Parisii \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd 250 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 200 \u200b\u200b\u03b5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03af\u03b4\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c8\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03af \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc \u00eble de la Cit\u017d\u00d1, \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf \u03b3\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03cd\u03c7\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9.<\/p>\n

\u03a4\u03bf \u03ba\u03bb\u03af\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c8\u03b7 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 19\u00a1C (66\u00a1F) \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0399\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 3\u00a1C (37\u00a1F) \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0399\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf. \u03a4\u03b1 585 \u03c7\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03b2\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03cc\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8’ \u03cc\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03c8\u03b9\u03bb\u03cc\u03b2\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5.<\/p>\n

\u0397 \u03a3\u03a5\u0393\u03a7\u03a1\u039f\u039d\u0397 \u03a0\u039f\u039b\u0397<\/h3>\n

\u03a4\u03bf \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0395\u03c5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u039c\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03b2\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03b5\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 19\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1. \u0397 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5 40 \u03b5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf 1850, \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc 2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bc\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1. \u0388\u03c6\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03cd\u03c6\u03c9\u03bc\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf 1921 (2.906.500), \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03bf\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7.<\/p>\n

\u0388\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9, \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1, \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c6\u03c4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c7\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c0\u03af\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5. \u0391\u03c0\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf 2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bc\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03af \u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03af \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1.<\/p>\n

\u039f\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03ba\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03ae\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0393\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1. \u03a4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b6\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7. \u039c\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bb\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2.<\/p>\n

\u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2, \u03b3\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1, \u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c7\u03bd\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1, \u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c7\u03b1, \u03be\u03cd\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b3\u03b1\u03b8\u03ac \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03be\u03af\u03b1\u03c2. \u0397 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b2\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd. \u039f\u03b9 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1.<\/p>\n

\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ae \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd, \u03c3\u03b9\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd, \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03af\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd. \u039f\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2. \u039f \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2, \u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03bd \u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03b4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2. \u03a4\u03bf \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0395\u03c5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n


\u039a\u03c5\u03b2\u03ad\u03c1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/h3>\n


\u03a4\u03bf \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 20 \u03ac\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03b5\u03c2, \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf. \u039a\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bc\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1. \u0394\u03cd\u03bf \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03bf\u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03af\u03bf\u03c5. \u0397 \u03b5\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae Bertrand Delano \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf 2001 \u03ad\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5 \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03bd\u03b5\u03bf\u03b3\u03ba\u03c9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1 Rassemblement pour la Republique (RPR).<\/p>\n

\u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2<\/h3>\n

\u03a4\u03bf \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u0390\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03a3\u03b7\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03bb\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03bd\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u0393\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 (\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u039c\u03b1\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b1, \u03c4\u03b7 \u03a7\u03ac\u03b2\u03c1\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u0394\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd\u03ba\u03ad\u03c1\u03ba\u03b7). \u039f\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03af \u039b\u03af\u03b3\u03b7\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2, \u03a1\u03ae\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2, \u03a1\u03bf\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2, \u039c\u03b5\u03b6\u03ac\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03a3\u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03b4\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03a3\u03b7\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c5\u03b4\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd. \u03a4\u03bf \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b9\u03b4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2, \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03cc\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n

\u0394\u03cd\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03b8\u03bd\u03ae \u03b1\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03b9\u03b1, \u03c4\u03bf Orly \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf Charles de Gaulle, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf Le Bourget (\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2), \u03b5\u03be\u03c5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7. \u03a4\u03bf De Gaulle \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03ad\u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03cd\u03c7\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03b8\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf Orly \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ad\u03b2\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf. \u03a4\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c4\u03bf M\u017dtro, \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf 1900. \u03a4\u03bf Reseau Express Regional (RER), \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 1960, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n

\u0394\u03b9\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u039f\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1<\/h3>\n

\u03a4\u03bf \u03c1\u03c5\u03bc\u03bf\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03a3\u03b7\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ad\u03c6\u03c5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2. \u03a4\u03bf \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03c1\u03c5\u03bc\u03bf\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 19\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1 (\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd 1853 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 1870) \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0392\u03b1\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 Georges Haussmann, \u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u039d\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u0393\u0384.<\/p>\n

\u03a4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c9\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c4\u03c3\u03b9 \u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03ac\u03be\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bf\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7. \u0391\u03bd\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03af, \u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c2, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\u0391\u03c8\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1
\u0391\u03a8\u0399\u0394\u0391 \u03a4\u039f\u03a5 \u0398\u03a1\u0399\u0391\u039c\u0392\u039f\u03a5<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\u03a0\u039b\u0391\u03a4\u0395\u0399\u0391
\u03a0\u039b\u0391\u03a4\u0395\u0399\u0391 \u039a\u039f\u039d\u039a\u039f\u03a1\u039d\u03a4<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\u03a0\u03a5\u03a1\u0393\u039f\u03a3
\u03a0\u03a5\u03a1\u0393\u039f\u03a3 \u03a4\u039f\u03a5 \u0391\u0399\u03a6\u0395\u039b<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\u039c\u039f\u03a5\u03a3\u0395\u0399\u039f
\u039c\u039f\u03a5\u03a3\u0395\u0399\u039f \u039b\u039f\u03a5\u0392\u03a1\u039f\u03a5<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\u039c\u039f\u039d\u039c\u0391\u03a1\u03a4\u0397\"
\u039c\u039f\u039d\u039c\u0391\u03a1\u03a4\u0397<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\u039d\u039f\u03a4\u03a1
\u039d\u039f\u03a4\u03a1 \u039d\u03a4\u0391\u039c<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n

\u03a4\u03bf Rive Gauche, \u03ae Left Bank (\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9), \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03c5\u03b2\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2. \u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a0\u03cd\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0386\u03b9\u03c6\u03b5\u03bb, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03ba\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 1889. \u03a3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u039c\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u039f\u03c1\u03c3\u03ad (1986) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf Hotel des Invalides, \u03c4\u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039b\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03bf\u03b2\u03af\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5 \u0399\u0394’. \u03a4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 Invalides \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03ba\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd Jules Hardouin-Mansart, \u03b7 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039d\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u0391\u0384.<\/p>\n

\u0397 \u039b\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03b1 (\u039a\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ad \u039b\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03bd<\/strong>,) , \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0391\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03ae \u038c\u03c7\u03b8\u03b7 \u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u00e8le de la Cite, \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03ad\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c6\u03bf\u03b9\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03a3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b2\u03cc\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7 (\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf 1150), \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0393\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/span><\/span> \u03a4\u03bf \u039c\u03bf\u03bd\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c2, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2, \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03cd\u03c7\u03bd\u03b1\u03b6\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03ad\u03c7\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2, \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u03a9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c4\u03bf \u039c\u03bf\u03bd\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd \u03bb\u03af\u03b3\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac \u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1.<\/span><\/span> \u0392\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03a3\u03b7\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1, \u03b7 ile de la Cite, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd ile St. Louis \u03b4\u03af\u03c0\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03b4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bd\u03b1\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 Notre Dame de Paris (\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03be\u03b5\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf 1163).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0397 Rive Droite, \u03ae \u0394\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03ac \u038c\u03c7\u03b8\u03b7, \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf, \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03c5\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03be\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1, \u03c4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c0\u03b5\u03b6\u03b5\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b8\u03b5\u03ac\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03be\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03c5\u03b2\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd.<\/span><\/span> \u039f \u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ac\u03be\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c9\u03c2 \u039f\u03b4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0398\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5, \u03be\u03b5\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u039b\u03bf\u03cd\u03b2\u03c1\u03bf, \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u039a\u03ae\u03c0\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039a\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03c8\u03ae \u03a0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bb\u03b1 \u039a\u03bf\u03bd\u03ba\u03cc\u03c1\u03bd\u03c4 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03a3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b6-\u039b\u03c5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0391\u03c8\u03af\u03b4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0398\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03bc\u03ae\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039b\u03b5\u03c9\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bb \u03bd\u03c4\u03b5 \u0393\u03ba\u03c9\u03bb \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c8\u03af\u03b4\u03b1 \u039b\u03b1 \u039d\u03c4\u03b5\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03c2 (\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf 1989) \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0392\u03cc\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03a3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b6-\u039b\u03c5 \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u038c\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1 \u200b\u200b\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u039c\u03bf\u03bd\u03bc\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0399\u03b5\u03c1\u03ae\u03c2 \u039a\u03b1\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c2.<\/span><\/span> \u0397 \u03a0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0392\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u0394\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03ac \u038c\u03c7\u03b8\u03b7 \u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03b4\u03cc Cit\u00e9, \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u0393\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u0395\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 (\u03b2\u03bb. \u0392\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03bb\u03b7) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u038c\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0392\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b7 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03be\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf 1990. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u039f\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bf \u03b1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03a0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bb\u03b1 \u039a\u03bf\u03bd\u03ba\u03cc\u03c1\u03bd\u03c4 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039d\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03a0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c2 \u0392\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bc.<\/span><\/span> \u0394\u03cd\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c4\u03bf \u0394\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0392\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u0394\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0392\u03b5\u03bd\u03c3\u03ad\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac. \u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03b3\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 1999 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03c8\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03c9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c7\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n\n

\u0399\u03a3\u03a4\u039f\u03a1\u0399\u0391 <\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u03a4\u03bf \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9, \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u03c9\u03c2 \u039b\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1 (Lutice) \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u0399\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf \u039a\u03b1\u03af\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf 52 bc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ae\u03c1\u03be\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03a1\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039c\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1. \u03a4\u03bf 987, \u03bf \u039f\u03cd\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u039a\u03b1\u03c0\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u039a\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0393\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u039a\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2, \u03b5\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03b7 \u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03b8\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u03a3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03b6\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae\u03c1\u03c5\u03be\u03b1\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b7 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a4\u03b9\u03ad\u03bd \u039c\u03b1\u03c1\u03c3\u03ad\u03bb \u03c4\u03bf 1355-58. \u0397 \u03ad\u03c6\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u0392\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf 1789 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b6\u03b9\u03ac\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03b1\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0393\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u0395\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/span><\/span> \u03a4\u03bf \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03be\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 1830 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 1848. \u03a4\u03bf 1871, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0393\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5, \u03b7 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03ba\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ae\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0393\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03bf\u03b9 \u0393\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c1\u03b9\u03b6\u03bf\u03c3\u03c0\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03af\u03b4\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bb\u03af\u03b3\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u039a\u03bf\u03bc\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd. \u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0391’ \u03a0\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5, \u03bf\u03b9 \u0393\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03af \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c6\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u0392’ \u03a0\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf 1940 \u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf 1944. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u03a4\u03bf \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b8\u03ad\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf \u03b2\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c6\u03bf\u03b9\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 1968. \u03a4\u03bf \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1, \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b3\u03bf\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5, \u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ad\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u039c\u03c9\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03be\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03b4\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a6\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03ac \u039c\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03bd.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0395\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c8\u03af\u03b4\u03b1 La Defense \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u038c\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0392\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039c\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03ac\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u039b\u03bf\u03cd\u03b2\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03c4\u03ad\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1 I. M. Pei, \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 La Villette \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9, \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bd\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b7\u03c2 Fran\u00e7ois Mitterrand, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03be\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf 1996, \u03c4\u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03ce\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u0395\u03b8\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u0392\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0393\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u039f \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bb\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03a3\u03b7\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd. \u039d\u03ad\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b1, \u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c6\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf \u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03a3\u03b7\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1.<\/span><\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u039c\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9 \u03a4\u03bf \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9, \u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0393\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03cc\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u0393\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03cc\u03c7\u03b8\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03a3\u03b7\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1, 145 \u03c7\u03bb\u03bc. (90 \u03bc\u03af\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1) \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u039c\u03ac\u03b3\u03c7\u03b7. \u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac 2.125.246 (1999) \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd 11 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bc\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 (1999) \u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9 (\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u00eble-de-France),
+ Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":125,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"tags":[17],"class_list":["post-122","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","tag-17"],"yoast_head":"\n\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9 ,\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03cc\u03c2<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u03a4\u03bf \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9, \u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u0393\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03cc\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u0393\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03cc\u03c7\u03b8\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03a3\u03b7\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03ac\u03bd\u03b1, 145 \u03c7\u03bb\u03bc. \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u039c\u03ac\u03b3\u03c7\u03b7\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hcaa-eleng.gr\/blog\/\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b9\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"el_GR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9 ,\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03cc\u03c2\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u03a4\u03bf \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9, \u03b7 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